Effect of perioperative aspirin administration on bleeding in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of perioperative aspirin administration on intraoperative and postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) pulmonary wedge resection.Methods:Sixty-three patients scheduled for VATS pulmonary wedge resection in Shougang Hospital of Peking University from November 2020 to April 2022 were randomly assigned in 2 groups. All patients had a history of aspirin taking, patients in study group ( n=32) continued aspirin taking perioperatively, and patients in the control group ( n=31) stopped taking aspirin for 7 days before surgery and resumed taking 3 days after surgery. The volume of intraoperative blood lost, operation time, postoperative drainage volume, thoracic drainage tube placement time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative thrombosis of lower extremity, perioperative cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, and postoperative wound healing were documented and compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in age, gender, oral aspirin time, lesion location, lesion nature, localization, lesion size and underlying disease between the two groups (all P>0.05). All patients successfully completed the operation, and no patients switched to thoracotomy. The intraoperative blood loss in study group and control group was (27.72±12.86) ml and (31.35±13.81) ml ( t=1.08, P=0.283); the operation time was (61.16±10.24) minutes and (61.39±13.79) minutes, respectively ( t=0.08, P=0.940). There were no significant differences in postoperative thoracic drainage, drainage tube placement time, length of hospital stay, incidence of lower extremity thrombosis, incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, and rate of poor wound healing between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Perioperative administration of aspirin may not increase intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, and the incidence of operation-related complications in patients undergoing VATS pulmonary wedge resection.

A cohort study of developing a death risk prediction model in patients with septic shock based on MIMIC-Ⅲ database / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To develop and validate a model for predicting death risk in septic shock patients using LASSO-Logistic methods.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Based on the open-source database Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-Ⅲ v1.4 (MIMIC-Ⅲ v1.4), the septic shock patients meeting the Sepsis-3 criteria were included, and the data on demographic characteristics, major signs, laboratory examinations, hospitalization, and outcomes were extracted. Predictive variables were selected by LASSO regression and predictive models were derived using Logistic regression. The calibration of the model was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and discrimination was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve).Results:A total of 693 patients with septic shock were enrolled, in which 445 patients survived and 248 patients dead within 30 days and the mortality was 35.8%. Logistic regression model was constructed according to nine predictive variables and outcome variables screened by LASSO regression method, which showed that advanced age, Elixhauser index, blood lactic acid (Lac), K + level and mechanical ventilation were associated with increased 30-day mortality [odds ratio ( OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 1.023 (1.010-1.037), 1.047 (1.022-1.074), 1.213 (1.133-1.305), 2.241 (1.664-3.057), 2.165 (1.433-3.301), respectively, all P < 0.01], and reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body temperature, and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO 2) were also associated with increased 30-day mortality [ OR (95% CI) was 0.974 (0.957-0.990), 0.972 (0.950-0.994), 0.693 (0.556-0.857), 0.971 (0.949-0.992), respectively, all P < 0.05]. The calibration curve showed that the predicted risk of septic shock death risk prediction model had good agreement with the real situation. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the prediction model was 0.839 (95% CI was 0.803-0.876), which could distinguish patients at risk of death from those at risk of survival. Conclusions:The septic shock death risk prediction model has a good ability to identify the 30-day mortality risk of septic shock patients, including nine hospital readily variables (age, Elixhauser index, mechanical ventilation, Lac, K +, SBP, DBP, body temperature and SpO 2). The model could be used by clinicians to calculate the risk of death in septic shock individuals.

Dihydroartemisinin and its anticancer activity against endometrial carcinoma and cervical cancer: involvement of apoptosis, autophagy and transferrin receptor

INTRODUCTION@#Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a first-line antimalarial drug with relatively low toxicity. DHA has been speculated to possess a broad-spectrum antitumour effect. However, the potential value of DHA for the treatment of endometrial carcinoma or cervical cancer is unclear.@*METHODS@#We used human endometrial cancer cells and cervical cancer cells to assess whether DHA alone or when combined with cisplatin would induce cell death. We aimed to elucidate the role of autophagy in DHA-induced cytotoxicity in both endometrial and cervical cancer cells, and explore the impact of DHA treatment on cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy.@*RESULTS@#DHA alone or in combination with cisplatin induced cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Caspase-3 mRNA and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels were markedly elevated following DHA treatment either in the presence or absence of cisplatin, suggesting a role of apoptosis in DHA-induced cell death. DHA treatment activated the autophagic pathway, as evidenced by increased monodansylcadaverine-positive staining, elevated microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II/LC3-I ratio, and enhanced p62/sequestosome 1 degradation. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine further enhanced the cytotoxicity of DHA towards tumour cells. mRNA levels of transferrin receptor (TfR) were suppressed upon DHA treatment and knockdown of TfR by RNA interference caused further DHA induction of cancer cell death.@*CONCLUSION@#Our results suggest a clinical value for DHA in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma and cervical cancer. Our data revealed possible anticancer mechanisms of DHA that involve regulating apoptosis, autophagy pathway and levels of TfR.

Dosimetric verification of stereotactic body radiotherapy treatment plan via ArcCHECK-3DVH system / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#To study the feasibility of ArcCHECK-3DVH system in dosimetric verification for stereotactic body radiaotherapy (SBRT) with flattening filter free (FFF) model.@*METHODS@#SBRT treatment plans for 57 patients were introduced into ArcCHECK phantom and recalculated. The calculated dose distribution of treatment planning system and the measured dose distribution of ArcCHECK phantom were compared by γ analysis. Then the 3 dimensional dose distribution of target and organs at risk was reconstructed by 3DVH software. The reconstructed dose and calculated dose with treatment planning system (TPS) were compared, and the dose volume γ pass rate and deviation of dose volume parameters to the target and organs at risk were quantitatively valuated.@*RESULTS@#Based on the threshold criteria (3%, 3 mm, 10%), namely the deviation of measuring points between the planned value and the measured value was less than 3%, and the proportion of points with similar values in the plane or sphere with the center of the point and the radius of 3 mm was 10%, the relative and absolute dose pass rates of SBRT treatment plans in ArcCHECK system via γ analysis were greater than 95%. Based on the stricter threshold criteria (2%, 2 mm, 10%), the relative and absolute dose pass rates of SBRT treatment plan in ArcCHECK system via γ analysis were about 93%. In 3DVH dose verification, the γ pass rate of target and organs at risk was exceed 97%, and the deviations in 3DVH of the target and organs at risk were less than ±5%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The ArcCHECK-3DVH system in dose verification can provide more comprehensive dose distribution information to reasonably evaluate the SBRT plan, with more significance for guiding clinical treatment.

Appilcation of polycaprolactone/collagen nanofibrous membranes in constituting tissue engineering retinal pigment epithelium / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective@#To explore the potential of polycaprolactone (PCL)/gelatin nanofibrous composite membrane in constituting tissue engineering retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).@*Methods@#The embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were differentiated into RPE (ESC-RPE) cells by spontaneous differentiation methods.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of specific RPE markers in ESC-RPE cells.The nanofiber membrane of PCL and PCL/gelatin nanofibrous composite membrane were prepared by electrospinning.The topography and contact angle of the two membranes were detected.The viability of ESC-RPE cells treated by the extracts of the two kinds of membranes was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8)method.After the ESC-RPE cells were cultured on the PCL/gelatin nanofibrous composite membrane, immunostaining was used to detect the expression of specific RPE markers of tissue engineering RPE.@*Results@#ESC-RPE cells were negative for pluripotent marker OCT4, but positive for microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), RPE65 and Bestrophin.Both the nanofiber membrane of PCL and PCL/gelatin nanofibrous composite membrane were porous and the contact angle were (97.2±3.1)° and (13.6±2.4)°, respectively.The extracts of the two kinds of membranes showed no significant effect on the growth of ESC-RPE cells.The tissue engineering RPE based on PCL/gelatin nanofibrous composite membrane positively expressed MITF and ZO-1.@*Conclusions@#PCL/gelatin nanofibrous composite membrane shows good hydrophilicity and biocompatibility.Besides, the membrane is favor for the growth of ESC-RPE cells and holds the potential to constitute tissue engineering RPE.

Post-marketing multi-center safety surveillance of inactivated enterovirus A71 vaccine (Vero cell) / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the post-marketing safety profiles of the inactivated enterovirus type 71 (EV-A71) vaccine (Vero cell) after routine inoculation.@*Methods@#Eleven cities of Zhejiang Province, Fengtai district of Beijing, Qinnan district, two counties as Pingle and Pingguo of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and Dongtai city of Jiangsu Province were selected as the field sites. A total of 45 239 subjects were enrolled in this study from children who seeked the vaccination of EV-A71 vaccine during the period from July, 2016 to June, 2018. Different sampling method were adopted in different sites. All vaccinated children were invited to participate in the study in Fengtai and Dongtai, however, systematic sampling method were adopted in other sites. Active surveillance was conducted and information about adverse reactions (ARs) occurred in 30 min, 3 d and 30 d following each dose of EV-A71 immunization was collected by field observation, phone-call or face-to-face interview. The incidence of ARs in different types, symptoms and grades were described.@*Results@#In total, there were 45 239 children who received 71 243 doses EV-A71 vaccine. The overall incidence of ARs was 1.079% (769 doses), with the highest incidence of 1.182% (177/14 973) in 5-11 month group and the lowest incidence of 0.849% (18/2 119) in ≥ 36 month group among different age groups. There was a higher incidence in solicited ARs, which was 1.047% (746 doses). The incidences of grade 1 and grade 2 ARs were also higher, which were 0.404% (288 doses) and 0.554% (395 doses), respectively. No grade 4 ARs occurred. The doses of the first and the second vaccination was 40 736 and 30 507, respectively, and the incidences of ARs were 1.281% (522 doses) and 0.810% (247 doses). Also, the incidences of ARs were 0.091% (37 doses) and 0.043% (13 doses) in local, and 1.168% (476 doses) and 0.760% (232 doses) in system. The symptoms of ARs after the two doses of vaccination were basically the same. Redness at the injection site was the most common local ARs after each dose vaccination, with doses of 24 and 11, while fever was the most common systemic ARs, with doses of 362 and 190. Moreover, ARs mainly occurred in 30 min to 3 d after each dose vaccination, with incidence of 1.016% (414 doses) and 0.698% (213 doses) in the first and second dose, respectively.@*Conclusion@#The ARs had a low incidence after vaccination in children and most were mild or moderate. EV-A71 vaccine with good safety is suitable for inoculation in a large scale.

Clinical practice and discovery of selective coronary venous bypass grafting in the treatment of diffuse coronary artery disease / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical features of patients with diffuse coronary artey diseases,and evaluate the clinical efficacy of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCABG) combined with selective coronary venous bypass grafting (SCVBG).Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 61 patients with diffuse right coronary stenosis undergoing operation of OPCABG + SCVBG from January 2007 to December 2013,and couducted the comparative study of the patients who underwent OPCABG during the same period based on propensity score.Patients were divided into SCVBG group(61 cases,underwent OPCABG + SCVBG) and control group(60 cases,matched by propensity score and underwent OPCABG without SCVBG).Results Compared with control group,the rate of myocardial infarction in SCVBG group was higher (67.2％ vs.46.7c％,P ＜0.05),the heart rate was faster[(69.92 ± 15.82) bpm vs.(64.48 ± 13.72) bpm,P ＜ 0.05],the low density lipoprotcin and triglyceride were higher[(2.67 ± 0.78) mmol/L vs.(2.37 ± 0.78) mmol/L (1.84 ± 0.79) mmol/L vs.(1.36 ± 0.60) mmol/L,both P ＜ 0.05] and the troponin I was higher in the first postoperative day [0.85 (0.29,3.15)μg/L vs.5.09 (2.02,13.03)μg/L,P ＜ 0.05].The perioperative(postoperative) mortality(1.6％ vs.0) and the long-term survival curve difference had no statistically significance(P ＞0.05).Conclusion Patients with coronary artery disease should pay more attention to the control of heart rate and blood lipids,poorly controlled heart rate and high blood lipids are the important factors for the development of coronary heart disease.The exact efficacv of selective coronary vein arterialization for diffuse coronary artery disease is confirmed through the small sample comparative study.

Coronary CT Angiography with Knowledge-Based Iterative Model Reconstruction for Assessing Coronary Arteries and Non-Calcified Predominant Plaques

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of iterative model reconstruction (IMR) on image quality for demonstrating non-calcific high-risk plaque characteristics of coronary arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 66 patients (53 men and 13 women; aged 39–76 years; mean age, 55 ± 13 years) having single-vessel disease with predominantly non-calcified plaques evaluated using prospective electrocardiogram-gated 256-slice CT angiography. Paired image sets were created using two types of reconstruction: hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) and IMR. Plaque characteristics were compared using the two algorithms. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the images and the CNR between the plaque and adjacent adipose tissue were also compared between the two reformatted methods. RESULTS: Seventy-seven predominantly non-calcified plaques were detected. Forty plaques showed napkin-ring sign with the IMR reformatted method, while nineteen plaques demonstrated napkin-ring sign with HIR. There was no statistically significant difference in the presentation of positive remodeling, low attenuation plaque, and spotty calcification between the HIR and IMR reconstructed methods (all p > 0.5); however, there was a statistically significant difference in the ability to discern the napkin-ring sign between the two algorithms (χ2 = 12.12, p < 0.001). The image noise of IMR was lower than that of HIR (10 ± 2 HU versus 12 ± 2 HU; p < 0.01), and the SNR and CNR of the images and the CNR between plaques and surrounding adipose tissues on IMR were better than those on HIR (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: IMR can significantly improve image quality compared with HIR for the demonstration of coronary artery and atherosclerotic plaques using a 256-slice CT.

Study on the correlation of CD8 +T cell with CD8low T cell subsets and CD8high T cell subsets / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the CD 8 +T cells results of clinical automatic analysis platform and the CD8lowT and CD8highT cell subsets.Methods A total of 1316 cases of lymphocyte and flow cytometry data were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from December 2015 to September 2016 by cross-sectional study. There were 287 cases of malignant tumor , 389 cases of autoimmune disease , 320 healthy people and 320 cases of HIV infection , then to get automatic analysis platform returns result of CD 8+T cell.FlowJo software was used to analyze the CD8low T and CD8high T lymphocyte subsets in the patients , and the results were compared with the results of CD8 +T cells returned by the clinical automatic analysis platform .Results The results of clinical returns CD8 +T cells were consistent with the results of CD 8high T cells in patients with different diseases , and were not exactly the same as the results of CD8lowT cells, and the difference was as follows:the results of CD8low T cells in HIV-infected patients were significantly lower than those of healthy people (56.2 ±42.0, 68.8 ± 45.9, cells/μl P<0.001), which were different from the clinical results of CD 8 +T cells.The results of clinical report of CD8 +T cells were statistically correlated with CD8high T cells and CD8low T cells, and the correlation between CD8 +T cells and CD8highT were higher than that of CD8lowT cells.There was a positive correlation between CD8low T cell count and CD4 +T cell count ( r=0.204, P<0.001) .CD8low T was significantly higher in patients on antiviral treatment than that in untreated group (58.3 ±43.9, 42.9 ± 26.5, cells/μl, P<0.001).After treatment for more than 2 years, the CD8lowT cells in patients with CD4<500 cells/μl were significantly lower than those in patients with CD 4>500 cells/μl (50.1 ±47.0, 66.3 ±46.6, cells/μl, P<0.001).Conclusions The clinical report of CD8 +T cells was consistent with the results of CD8highT cells, and there was a great difference between the results of CD 8lowT cells and the results of CD8 +T cells.CD8low T cells were significantly reduced in HIV infected patients , and CD8low T cells could be effectively reconstructed by antiviral therapy .

Simulation of dose distribution in bone medium of 125I photon emitting source with Monte Carlo method / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To present a theoretical analysis of how the presence of bone in interstitial brachytherapy affects dose rate distributions with MCNP4C Monte Carlo code and to prepare for the next clinical study on the dose distribution of interstitial brachytherapy in head and neck neoplasm.@*METHODS@#Type 6711,125I brachytherapy source was simulated with MCNP4C Monte Carlo code whose cross section library was DLC-200. The dose distribution along the transverse axis in water and dose constant were compared with the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) TG43UI update dosimetry formalism and current literature. The validated computer code was then applied to simple homogeneous bone tissue model to determine the affected different bone tissue had on dose distribution from 125I interstitial implant.@*RESULTS@#125I brachytherapy source simulated with MCNP4C Monte Carlo code met the requirements of TG43UI report. Dose rate constant, 0.977 78 cGy/(h×U), was in agreement within 1.32% compared with the recommended value of TG43UI. There was a good agreement between TG43UI about the dosimetric parameters at distances of 1 to 10 cm along the transverse axis of the 125I source established by MCNP4C and current published data. And the dose distribution of 125I photon emitting source in different bone tissue was calculated. Dose-deposition capacity of photons was in decreasing order: cortical bone, spongy bone, cartilage, yellow bone marrow, red bone marrow in the same medium depth. Photons deposited significantly in traversal axis among the phantom material of cortical bone and sponge bone relevant to the dose to water. In the medium depth of 0.01 cm, 0.1 cm, and 1 cm, the dose in the cortical bone was 12.90 times, 9.72 times, and 0.30 times of water respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#This study build a 125I source model with MCNP4C Monte Carlo code, which is validated, and could be used in subsequent study. Dose distribution of photons in different bone medium is not the same as water, and its main energy deposits in bone medium surface, so we should consider the effect of bone medium when we design the target area adjacent to the bone tissue in 125I sources implantation plan.

Research progress on heme metabolism in intraerythrocytic plasmodium / 中国中药杂志

Heme is a key metabolic factor in all life. Malaria parasite has de novo heme-biosynthetic pathway, however the growth and development of parasite depend on the hemoglobin-derived heme metabolism process during the intraerythrocytic stages, such as the ingestion and degradation of hemoglobin in the food vacuole. The hemoglobin metabolism in the food vesicles mainly includes four aspects: hemoglobin transport and intake, hemoglobin enzymolysis to produce heme, heme polymerization into malarial pigment, and heme transport via the food vacuole. The potential mechanisms of antimalarial drugs,such as chloroquine, artemisinin and atovaquone may be related to this process. The main four aspects of this metabolic process, key metabolic enzymes, effects of antimalarial drugs on the process and their potential mechanism of action would be summarized in this paper, providing ideas for rational use and mechanism exploration of similar drugs.

Value of CT Angiography Using Low Tube Voltage and Low Contrast Combined with Iterative Model Reconstruction in Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To assess the value of CT angiography using low-voltage and low-concentration contrast media (CM) combined with knowledge-based iterative model reconstruction (IMR) in patients with coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG).Methods Totally 71 patients after CABG undergoing CT angiography in our center from June to November 2016 were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned into groups A and B. The scan protocol for group A was 80 kVp with 300 mgI/ml contrast at an injection rate of 4 ml/s;images were reconstructed by IMR algorithm. The scan protocol for group B was 100 kVp with 370 mgI/ml contrast at an injection rate of 5 ml/s;images were reconstructed by hybrid iterative reconstruction technique. Aorta,left ventricular,and grafts were chosen as regions of interest. The image quality,radiation dose,and contrast load were compared between two groups.Results The signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) of the ascending aorta,descending aorta,left ventricular,and venous bridge in group A [SNR:19±5,20±5.7,19.1±4.9,and 37±34;CNR:17±4.7,18±5,16±5.4,and 34±32] were significantly higher than those in group B [SNR:16±6 (P=0.012),15.6±5.5 (P=0.002),15±6 (P=0.002),24±8.3 (P=0.035);CNR:14±5.5 (P=0.010),13.8±5(P=0.002),13±5.7 (P=0.014),21±7.8 (P=0.031)],except for left internal mammary artery graft (LIMA),which was not inferior to that in group B. An effective radiation dose reduction of 49% was achieved in group A [(2.3±0.4) mSv,compared with group B (4.5±0.5) mSv (P=0.000)]. The iodine load of group A was (20±1.4) g compared with (29±1.6) g in group B,resulting in a reduction of 31% (P=0.000).Conclusions The low tube voltage (80 kVp) and low contrast protocol combined with IMR in patients with CABG can reduce radiation dose and improve image quality of aorta,left ventricular and venous graft. The image quality of LIMA graft in low dose group is not inferior to that in regular dose group.

Clinical application of preoperative tumor-feeding artery embolization in treating giant meningiomas with rich blood supply / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical application of preoperative tumor-feeding artery emboli -zation in treating hypervascular giant meningiomas.Methods A total of 71 patients with giant meningioma (maximum diameter ＞5 cm),who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from April 2013 to August 2014,were selected for this study.Preoperative MRI demonstrated that the lesions showed obvious enhancement with rich blood supply.The patients were divided into the study group (using preoperative embolization,n =38) and the control group (not using preoperative embolization,n =33).Based on preoperative DSA findings,the lesions were classified into type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ.Tumor-feeding artery embolization with PAV particles (200-300 μm) was employed in the patients of the study group,while only cerebral angiography was adopted in the patients of the control group.The amount of intraoperative blood loss,tumor resection time and embolization complications in both groups were recorded.Postoperative MRI scan was performed to observe the degree of tumor resection.Results The amount of intraoperative blood loss and the tumor resection time in the study group were (562±178) ml and (5.45±2.13) h respectively,which in the control group were (833±234) ml and (7.23±2.45) h respectively;the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (both P＜0.05).The tumor resection degree of Simpson classification Ⅲ and ＜ Ⅲ was obtained in 27 patients of the study group (27/38,71.0％) and in 19 patients of the control group (19/33,57.6％),the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05).After embolization,cerebral edema became aggravated in 7 patients,ischemic necrosis of the scalp was observed in 2 patients,and one patient developed epileptic seizure during the operation.After symptomatic treatment,all the above complications were relieved.Conclusion For the treatment of hypervascular giant meningiomas,preoperative tumor-feeding artery embolization can strikingly reduce the amount of intraoperative blood loss,shorten the operation time,and improve the tumor resection degree,therefore,this therapy is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Effects of both high glucose and high insulin on proliferations and migrations of human vascular smooth muscle cells as well as miR-145 level / 基础医学与临床

Objective To identify the effect of both high glucose and high insulin on miR-145 level.Methods The human vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs) were cultured and the proliferation of VSMCs was induced by high glucose and high insulin medium.The samples were divided into 4 groups: normal group, high glu-cose group (25 mmol/L), high insulin group (300 mU/L), high glucose and high insulin group.The ex-pression of miR-145 in VSMCs was assayed by real-time PCR.Proliferation of VSMCs was determined by MTT method After 72 h cultivation.The migration of VSMCs was analyzed by cell scratch test .VSMCs in each group was transfected by miR-145 virus ( lentiviral vector ) .Proliferation and migration were assayed after 48 h transfection.Results The expression of miR-145 in VSMCs of other three groups was decreased ( P<0.05 ) , especially the expression in the high glucose and insulin group was the lowest ( P<0.01 ) .Prolifera-tion and migration of VSMCs was promoted by high glucose and/or high insulin medium.Under fluorescent, transfection rate of VSMCs was about 80%after 48 h transfection.Proliferation and migration of VSMCs in each group after transfection were significantly lower than before ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusions High glucose and high in-sulin could decrease the expression of miR-145 in VSMCs, The overexpression of miR-145 may inhibit the prolif-eration and migration of VSMCs .

Is research related to a country’s economic development? An analysis of biomedical publications from several GCC and ASEAN countries from 1994-2013

Introduction: Biomedical research has traditionally been the domain of developed countries. We aim to study the effects of the increased focus on biomedical and medical research on level 1-4 publications in several industrialised and newly industrialised countries endowed with petroleum and gas resources. Methods: We identified all level 1-4 publications from 01/01/1994 to 31/12/2013 via PubMed using advanced options. The population and GDP (current US$) data from 1994-2013 were obtained through data provided by the World Bank and the raw data was normalised based on these two indicators. Results: From 1994-2013, Saudi Arabia and Malaysia were responsible for the highest absolute number of level 1 to 4 biomedical and medical research publications with 2551 and 1951 publications respectively. When normalised to population, Kuwait and Qatar had the highest publication rates, with 7.84 and 3.99 publications per 100,000 inhabitants respectively in a five yearly average. Kuwait produced the largest number of publications per billion (current US$) of GDP, at 2.92 publications, followed by Malaysia at 2.82 publications in a five yearly average. Conclusion: The population size of a country as well as GDP can influence the number of level 1-4 publications in some countries. More importantly, effective government policy which stimulates research as well as a culture which actively promotes research as shown by Malaysia have proven to have a larger influence on the amount of level 1-4 biomedical and medical publications.

The efficacy of percutaneous microwave ablation for limited liver metastases of nasopharyngeal ;carcinoma / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:Since the number and tumor size of localized liver metastases can be controlled, local minimally invasive treatment can improve the survival of patients. Hence, microwave ablation has become an important treatment method for liver metastases. This study was to investigate the value of percutaneous microwave ablation in the treatment of tumor metastases. Methods: From Sep. 2011 to Oct. 2014, 26 advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with post-chemotherapy consolidation, liver metastases were collected. All the patients with the number of tumor lesions less than 3, diameter less than 5 cm, no other distant metastases was excluded. The ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation was used for 26 patients. Finally, 43 ablations were completed followed by liver function test, enhanced CT and MRI diagnosis 1 month later. mRECIST criteria was used to evaluate the effcacy of cancer treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Results:Twenty-six cases of a total of 53 lesions, including complete ablation (CA) 20 patients (20/26, 77.0%), partial ablation (PA) 3 patients (3/26,11.5%). The overall effciency was 88.5%(CA+PA) with no serious complications. 6 months, 1-, 2-year survival rates of 26 patients were 96.1%, 65.3%and 23.0%. PFS was 11.4 months. The median survival time (MST) was 11.9 months, while OS was 23.7 months. Conclusion:Percutaneous microwave ablation for limited liver metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a minimally invasive, safe and effective treatment method.

Expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 in otorhinolaryngologic neoplasms

<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) has recently been characterised as a novel receptor for the C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12)/stromal cell-derived factor 1-alpha. CXCR7 has been thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis, angiogenesis and tumour metastasis. The present study aimed to examine the expression of CXCR7 in tissue samples of laryngeal cancer and maxillary sinus carcinoma to determine its role in the development of otorhinolaryngologic neoplasms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Samples of otorhinolaryngologic neoplasms were obtained from 17 patients with either nasal polyps (n = 7), laryngeal cancer (n = 5) or maxillary sinus carcinoma (n = 5), and who underwent surgical resection at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Total RNA was isolated and CXCR7 mRNA expression was examined and quantified by relative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. A one-way analysis of variance was performed using SPSS Statistics version 11.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) to compare the CXCR7 mRNA levels among the three groups of patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All samples tested positive for CXCR7 mRNA. The quantitative results showed that the CXCR7 mRNA levels were highest in laryngeal cancer and lowest in maxillary sinus carcinoma neoplasms, although there was no significant difference among the three samples.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR7 may contribute to eosinophilic inflammation in patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps. Our results also suggest that CXCR7 may play a role in the progression, metastasis and angiogenesis of otorhinolaryngologic tumours.</p>

PTCD combined with CT-guided microwave ablation for hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma：analysis of therapeutic efficacy / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical application of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiopancreatic drainage (PTCD) combined with CT-guided microwave ablation in treating hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods The clinical data of 29 patients with inoperable Ⅲ and Ⅳ type hilar cholangiocarcinoma complicated by obstructive jaundice, who were admitted to authors’ hospital during the period from December 2012 to August 2014, were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnosis of bile duct adenocarcinoma was confirmed by pathology in all patients. Of the 29 patients, both internal and external biliary tract drainage was employed in 19, external biliary tract drainage in 4, and bilateral (both left and right side) bile duct drainage in 6. CT-guided microwave ablation was carried out when the liver function became improved. A total of 46 procedures of microwave ablation were completed in the 29 patients with a mean of 1.5 times per patient. Hepatic function tests, enhanced CT or MR scan were performed 4-8 weeks after treatment. According to mRECIST criteria the therapeutic results were evaluated; the serum bilirubin levels were recorded; the disease progress and the patient’s survival time were followed up. Results One month after the treatment, complete response (CR) was obtained in 15 patients (15/29, 51.7%), and partial remission (PR) in 17 patients (17/29, 58.6%), with the overall efficacy (CR﹢PR) being 82%. After the treatment, one patient developed hepatic metastasis and another one had pulmonary metastasis. Postoperative serum bilirubin levels showed an obvious decrease in all 29 patients. The 6-month, one-year and two-year survival rates were 68.9% (20/29), 31.0% (9/29) and 6.8% (2/29) respectively; the median survival time was 8.9 months and the overall survival time was 11.7 months. Conclusion For the treatment of hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma, PTCD combined with CT-guided microwave ablation is minimally invasive, clinically safe and effective.

Histological changes of pure titanium micro-implant under inflammatory stimulation and orthodontic force as well as bone remodeling / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Implant stability is mainly influenced by peri-implant inflammatory stimulation. OBJECTIVE:To build a beagle model of peri-implantitis under orthodontic force and to observe the bone remodeling of the Beagle dog model. METHODS: Micro-implants were randomly implanted into the maxilary interradicular region at the center of the mesial and distal roots of bilateral P2, P3, P4 and M1 of Beagle dogs. One side served as a loaded micro-implant with peri-implantitis under 100 g of orthodontic force at 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks of peri-implantitis, and the force lasted for 1 month. After that, the animals were kiled to prepare specimens with micro-implants. Bone-to-implant contacts were calculated and histological changes of the bone interface under continuous orthodontic force at different stages of peri-implantitis were observed under light microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were a large number of inflammatory cels after micro-implants were implanted with silk thread ligation to the cervical part. Over time, inflammatory cels were gradualy diffused to the tip of micro-implant, and there were a great quantity of colagenous fibers, osteocytes and active bone remodeling. When the inflammation was diffused to the tip of micro-implant after 2 weeks of peri-implantitis, woven bones composed of newly formed trabeculae appeared, and imflammatory cels dispersed. The medulary cavity was irregular after colagen fibrils absorption, and there were 3-4 layers of osteoblasts in the bone lacunae, with active bone formation. These findings indicate that the Beagle model of pure titanium peri-implantitis under orthodontic force was successfuly built in the experiment, and bone formation became active at 2 weeks after modeling.

Expressions of RTN4 and TG2 in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Tissues and Their Clinical Significance / 华中科技大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the expressions of RTN4 and TG2 in papillary thyroid cancer tissues and their clinical pathological significance.Methods A total of 40 samples of papillary thyroid cancer tissues and 20 samples of para‐carcinoma tissues were collected from the Department of Pathology ,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University ,China.The expression levels of RTN4 and TG2 were detected by means of immunohistochemical staining and their relationship with clinicopathological charac‐teristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma was analyzed.SPSS 13.0 soft package was used for one‐way analysis of variance and SNK test of the average absorbance and the average positive area rate (α=0.05).Bivariate correlation analysis of the positive area rate of the expressions of RTN4 and TG2 was conducted (α=0.05).Results ①The expression levels of RTN4 and TG2 were much higher in the papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues than those in the para‐carcinoma tissues (P0.05). ③The positive correlation was found between the expressions of RTN4 and TG2 in papilla‐ry thyroid carcinoma tissues (r=0.587 ,P<0.05).Conclusion ① The expressions of RTN4 and TG2 were up‐regulated in pa‐pillary thyroid carcinoma tissues ,which is related with over‐proliferation and increase of apoptosis resistance of cancer cells. ②RTN4 and TG2 play an important role in the proliferation and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. ③ RTN4 and TG2 may play a synergistic role in the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma.